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Disease Profile
Craniometaphyseal dysplasia, autosomal recessive type
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.
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Age of onset
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ICD-10
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Inheritance
Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.
Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.
X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.
Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.
Not applicable
Other names (AKA)
CMDR
Categories
Congenital and Genetic Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases
Summary
Symptoms
Bone overgrowth in the head causes many of the signs and symptoms of craniometaphyseal dysplasia. Affected individuals typically have distinctive facial features such as a wide nasal bridge, a prominent forehead, wide-set eyes (hypertelorism), and a prominent jaw. Excessive new bone formation (hyperostosis) in the jaw can delay teething (dentition) or result in absent teeth. Infants with this condition may have breathing or feeding problems caused by narrow nasal passages. In severe cases, abnormal bone growth can compress the nerves that emerge from the brain and extend to various areas of the head and neck (cranial nerves). Compression of the cranial nerves can lead to paralyzed facial muscles (facial nerve palsy), blindness, or deafness.[1]
The
The symptoms seen in
This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.
Medical Terms | Other Names |
Learn More:
HPO ID
|
---|---|---|
80%-99% of people have these symptoms | ||
Abnormality of the metaphysis |
Abnormality of the wide portion of a long bone
|
0000944 |
Craniofacial hyperostosis |
Excessive bone growth of the skull and face
|
0004493 |
Depressed nasal bridge |
Depressed bridge of nose
Flat bridge of nose
Flat nasal bridge
Flat, nasal bridge
Flattened nasal bridge
Low nasal bridge
Low nasal root
[ more ] |
0005280 |
Hypertelorism |
Wide-set eyes
Widely spaced eyes
[ more ] |
0000316 |
Osteopetrosis |
Harder, denser, fracture-prone bones
|
0011002 |
Wide nasal bridge |
Broad nasal bridge
Broad nasal root
Broadened nasal bridge
Increased breadth of bridge of nose
Increased breadth of nasal bridge
Increased width of bridge of nose
Increased width of nasal bridge
Nasal bridge broad
Wide bridge of nose
Widened nasal bridge
[ more ] |
0000431 |
30%-79% of people have these symptoms | ||
Skeletal dysplasia | 0002652 | |
Telecanthus |
Corners of eye widely separated
|
0000506 |
5%-29% of people have these symptoms | ||
Conductive hearing impairment |
Conductive deafness
Conductive hearing loss
[ more ] |
0000405 |
Facial palsy |
Bell's palsy
|
0010628 |
Sensorineural hearing impairment | 0000407 | |
Visual impairment |
Impaired vision
Loss of eyesight
Poor vision
[ more ] |
0000505 |
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO | ||
Abnormal nasopharynx morphology | 0001739 | |
Abnormal thorax morphology |
Abnormality of the chest
|
0000765 |
Autosomal recessive inheritance | 0000007 | |
Bony paranasal bossing | 0004407 | |
Broad alveolar ridges | 0000187 | |
Club-shaped distal femur |
Club-shaped outermost end of thighbone
|
0006384 |
Coarse facial features |
Coarse facial appearance
|
0000280 |
Delayed eruption of permanent teeth |
Delayed eruption of adult teeth
|
0000696 |
Facial hyperostosis |
Enlargment of the facial bones
Excessive growth of facial bones
Excessive growth of facial skeleton
Increase in size of the facial bones
Overgrowth of facial bones
Overgrowth of facial skeleton
Overgrowth of the facial bones
[ more ] |
0005465 |
Flared metaphysis |
Flared wide portion of long bone
|
0003015 |
Macrocephaly |
Increased size of skull
Large head
Large head circumference
[ more ] |
0000256 |
Mandibular prognathia |
Big lower jaw
Increased projection of lower jaw
Increased size of lower jaw
Large lower jaw
Prominent chin
Prominent lower jaw
[ more ] |
0000303 |
Metaphyseal dysplasia | 0100255 | |
Mixed hearing impairment |
Hearing loss, mixed
Mixed hearing loss
[ more ] |
0000410 |
Nasal obstruction |
Blockage of nose
Nasal blockage
Obstruction of nose
Stuffy nose
[ more ] |
0001742 |
Optic atrophy | 0000648 | |
Patchy sclerosis of finger phalanx |
Uneven increase in bone density in finger bone
|
0009772 |
Cause
Mutations in the GJA1 gene that cause autosomal recessive craniometaphyseal dysplasia appear to disrupt bone remodeling. The exact mechanism involved is yet to be determined.[5]
Treatment
Learn more
These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.
Where to Start
- Genetics Home Reference (GHR) contains information on Craniometaphyseal dysplasia, autosomal recessive type. This website is maintained by the National Library of Medicine.
- The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) has a report for patients and families about this condition. NORD is a patient advocacy organization for individuals with rare diseases and the organizations that serve them.
In-Depth Information
- The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
- Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
- Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
- PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Craniometaphyseal dysplasia, autosomal recessive type. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.
References
- Craniometaphyseal dysplasia. Genetics Home Reference (GHR). February 2009; https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/craniometaphyseal-dysplasia.
- CRANIOMETAPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE. Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM). September 6, 2013; https://www.omim.org/entry/218400.
- Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia. National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD). 2005; https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/craniometaphyseal-dysplasia/.
- GJA1. Genetics Home Reference (GHR). February 2009; https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/GJA1.
- Hu, Y., Chen, I., de Almeida, S., Tiziani, V., Raposo Do Amaral, C. M., Gowrishankar, K., Passos-Bueno, M. R., Reichenberger, E. J. A novel autosomal recessive GJA1 missense mutation linked to Craniometaphyseal dysplasia. PLoS One. August 12; 8(8):e73576. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3741164/.
- Reichenberger E, Chen IP. Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia, Autosomal Dominant. GeneReviews. January 15, 2015; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1461/.
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